Showing posts with label Worlds Best City Water. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Worlds Best City Water. Show all posts

Thursday, July 1, 2021

New York City Water Catskill Mountains

 




High Bridge, Croton Reservoir

New York CIty Water System

1849







The CATSKILL / DELAWARE WATERSHED MAP

NEW YORK CITY DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM




ABOUT The NEW YORK CITY WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM


A combination of aqueducts, reservoirs, and tunnels supply fresh water to New York City. With three major water systems (Croton, Catskill, and Delaware) stretching up to 125 miles (201 km) away from the city, its water supply system is one of the most extensive municipal water systems in the world.

New York's water treatment process is simpler than most other American cities. This largely reflects how well-protected its watersheds are. The city has sought to restrict development surrounding them. One of its largest watershed protection programs is the Land Acquisition Program, under which the New York City Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) has purchased or protected, through conservation easement, over 130,000 acres (53,000 ha) since 1997. With all the care given, the city's water supply system is exempted from filtration requirements by both the federal and the state government, saving more than "$10 billion to build a massive filtration plant, and at least another $100 million annually on its operation".  Moreover, the special topography the waterways run on allows 95% of the system's water to be supplied by gravity. The percentage of pumped water does change when the water level in the reservoirs is out of the normal range. 



An Engineering Marvel 


The 92-mile-long Catskill Aqueduct, which plunges 1,100 feet underneath the Hudson River, was constructed a century ago. 







It can take 12 weeks to a year for water to wind its way to the city from the streams, tunnels, dams and reservoirs in the Catskills. All of it is delivered to the city by gravity alone. “Gravity’s an important friend of ours,” said Mr. Rush, the deputy commissioner, explaining that it “works nonstop” and is “energy efficient.” 







The Hillview Reservoir is the last stop before the city’s water mains. Think of it as a 900-million-gallon bathtub, with enough water to supply the city for one day. 

Before the water is sent on to the city, chlorine, phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide are added to disinfect it and raise the pH levels to prevent pipes from corroding and releasing harmful metals, like lead. Three main water tunnels then act like drains and whoosh water downhill. The force of the water coming through the tunnels creates enough pressure to send it up to the sixth floor of most buildings. The construction of the third tunnel, one of the largest capital projects in the city’s history, is being completed in phases. By the 2020s, the city says, the tunnel will carry water to all five boroughs — and allow much-needed inspections on tunnels one and two, which have been in continuous use since they were built in 1917 and 1936, respectively.  





















The FIGHT of The CENTURY







ALI / FRAZIER




These Sneakers were created to commemorate both one of the greatest fights
in World Boxing History and two of the Greatest Professional Fighters in history,
one "Smoking" Joe Frazier and a man know as "The GREATEST" Muhammad Ali,
and The FIght of The Century, held in New York's Madison Square Garden (MSG)
on March 8th 1971 ..









FAVORITE ITALIAN DISHES

And SECRET RECIPES